A sleep disorder that usually appears in young adulthood, consisting of recurring episodes of sleep during the day; frequently accompanied by cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations

Urinary excretion of sodium; often used to describe enhanced sodium excretion as a result of certain disease states

These are alternative forms of treatment for common ailments that involve ingestion or topical treatment with herbs, fruits, nuts and their infusions, ointments, and concoctions thereof. Natural remedies have been around for thousands of years and every culture has its own set of remedies based on traditional wisdom that lay down principles of health and remedies. The market for herbal products and supplements is a huge one and there are products available to treat constipation, fatigue, skin disorders, respiratory complaints, cardiovascular ailments and a lot many other diseases.

Naturopathic medicine or naturopathy is a form of alternative medicine that treats disease through nutrition, herbal medicine, and muscle manipulation instead of relying on drugs and surgery. Naturopathy combines the latest diagnostic techniques with traditional knowledge of how the body functions. It emphasizes education of the patient in order that applicable lifestyle changes can be wrought.

Naturopathy is a holistic system of treatment of mind and body that makes use of natural substances and elements such as air, fire, water, and sunshine. The system considers the human body as having exceptional self-healing capabilities and it focuses on stimulating the body’s own defenses. According to naturopathy, disease occurs when the body’s natural recovery processes are hindered. Naturopaths may employ several means such as homeopathy, massage, diet changes, etc in an effort to provide the right environment for the body to heal itself. Naturopathy took concrete shape as an alternative medicine system in Europe but it has been practiced in different forms across cultures.

Symptoms resulting from an inclination to vomit

A device used to reduce liquid medication to extremely fine cloudlike particles; useful in delivering medication to deeper parts of the respiratory tract

Pathologic death of one or more cells, or of a portion of tissue or organ, resulting from irreversible damage; earliest irreversible changes are mitochondrial changes consisting of swelling and granular calcium deposits seen by electron microscopy

An abnormal tissue growth characterized by cellular proliferation more rapid than normal which continues to grow after the stimuli that iniitated the new growth ceases; the resulting tissue often lacks structural organization and functional coordination with normal tissue

The branch of medical science concerned with medical diseases of the kidneys