Myotomy

Achalasia is a problem with the nerve cells that transmit messages to the esophageal musculature characterized by increased lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, diminished or absent peristalsis in the distal portion of the esophagus composed of smooth muscle, and lack of a coordinated LES relaxation in response to swallowing. The ultimate cause of this degeneration is unknown. Autoimmune disease or hidden infection is suspected. A Laparoscopic or Robotic modified Heller myotomy is considered the standard of care for palliation of this incurable but benign disease.